Ma`rifat Hoghoughi

Syria was accused of using chemical weapons against rebel armed groups twice in 2013 and 2017. Following the accusation in 2013, the United States of America, France and the United Kingdom threatened to use force against Syria. In 2017, the United States of America carried out the threat of using force by firing missiles at Al-Shayrat in Syria. In 1401, the Islamic Republic of Iran launched attacks against Kurdish opposition groups in the Kurdistan region of Iraq. The main issue of this article is what are the similarities and differences in terms of the justification of these attacks and feedbacks of the international community to these two? Humanitarian intervention, R2P doctrine, collective self-defense are mentioned with western countries as justification. The Islamic Republic of Iran also launched a missile attack on the Kurdistan region of Iraq citing the right of self-defense. The analysis of these two events and the responses to them show the biased and dual approach of the western countries with the standards of international law.