اندیشه‌های حقوق عمومی

This research examines the models of institutions responsible for crime prevention within the constitutions of various countries and compares them with the domestic model. The present study, utilizing library data and an analytical-descriptive method, seeks to investigate the models of the institution tasked with crime prevention. An examination of the constitutions of other countries reveals the existence of four models for the institution responsible for crime prevention, and depending on the case, the constitution of each country assigns the duty of crime prevention to the "Judicial Power," the "Executive Power," the "Legislative Power," or "Specialized Institutions." However, the complexity, multiplicity, and diversity of crime prevention methods, alongside the vast geographical and demographic scope of crimes, necessitate the participation of all governing institutions (the Legislative, Executive, and Judicial Powers) as well as the involvement of non-governmental organizations and society within a new model. In this system, the responsibility for crime prevention is to be distributed among the macro-governing institutions and other non-governmental bodies within a special framework, based on capabilities, the type of crime, and appropriate measures. Furthermore, the research findings indicate that avoiding self-monitoring, consolidating the mission, and ensuring the independence and public accountability of the institution responsible for prevention are prerequisites for the effectiveness of any model.