اندیشه‌های حقوق عمومی

Widespread deprivation of citizens and the erosion of the rule of law are among the most significant challenges facing contemporary governance systems, leaving profound and multi-layered effects in legal, political, and social spheres. This article, adopting a political-legal approach and utilizing an analytical-comparative method, examines the bidirectional relationship between citizenship deprivation and the weakening of the rule of law. The greater the gap between written law and its fair implementation, the more the grounds for structural deprivation of citizens and the crisis of legal legitimacy are intensified. The article demonstrates that the erosion of the rule of law is often realized not through sudden collapse, but through gradual processes such as the concentration of power, securitization of law, discriminatory legislation, and the undermining of judicial independence. By examining examples from Egypt, Iraq, Turkey, and Lebanon, the common patterns of the erosion of the rule of law and the expansion of citizen deprivation are analyzed. The results of this section indicate that despite historical and political differences, the mechanisms of deprivation in these countries exhibit notable similarities and have often led to decreased public trust, weakened political participation, and increased inequality.